Jharkhand’s Economy and Infrastructure (2025) – A Comprehensive Overview (II)

Jharkhand has steadily emerged as one of India’s mineral-rich and industrially promising states. Here’s a detailed overview of its economy, industrial efforts, energy infrastructure, and transport connectivity – all key components that drive growth and welfare.

1. Tasar Silk Production & Handicrafts

• Jharkhand contributes 76.4% of India’s total Tasar silk production. (★ Frequently asked in state exams)
• In 2006, the Jharkhand Silk, Textile and Handicraft Development Corporation Ltd. (JHARCRAFT) was established.
  • Focus: Design, training, marketing, entrepreneurship, and raw material support to local artisans, SHGs, and NGOs.
• CM’s Minor Garden Development Board was set up to support people involved in lac, honey, forest produce, and handicrafts.
• Khadi and Village Industries Board promotes the production and sale of cotton and silk khadi.
• From 2019–20 to 2020–21, there was a decline in cotton khadi (36.5%) and silk khadi (58.89%) production.

2. Make in Jharkhand Initiative (2022)

• Launched in 2022 to strengthen industrial development.
• Three new policies introduced under this initiative:
  1. Jharkhand Electric Vehicle Policy 2022
  2. Jharkhand Ethanol Production Promotion Policy 2022
  3. Jharkhand Industrial Park & Logistics Policy 2022

3. India Innovation Index, 2021

• Released on 21 July 2022 by NITI Aayog Vice-Chairman Suman Bery.
• Jharkhand ranked 10th among 17 major Indian states.
• The state’s performance was attributed to its strong industrial base.
• The index was developed by NITI Aayog and Institute for Competitiveness to promote innovation.

4. Mining Sector Highlights

• 40% of India’s total mineral reserves are in Jharkhand. (★ Very important for competitive exams)
• Key minerals:
  • Coal – 27.3% of India’s reserves
  • Iron Ore – 26%
  • Copper Ore – 18.5%
  • Others: Uranium, Mica, Bauxite, Granite, Limestone, Silver, Graphite, Magnetite, Dolomite
• Jharkhand is the only producer of coking coal, uranium, and pyrite in India.
• Top mining districts by royalty income:
  1. Chaibasa (West Singhbhum) (★)
  2. Dhanbad
  3. Chatra

5. Energy Sector: Installed Capacity & Consumption (2021–22)

Electricity Consumption by Sector:

• Domestic – 64%
• Industrial – 23%
• Commercial – 10%
• Agriculture – 2%
• Public Services – 1%

Installed Capacity by Ownership (in MW):

Ownership	Thermal	Hydro	Renewable	Total
State	420	130	4.05	554.05
Private	580	0	93.09	673.09
Central	1446.5	61	0	1507.5
Total	2446.5	191	97.14	2734.64

6. Coal Power & Ultra Mega Power Projects

• Jharkhand is the only state with all 3 coal subsidiaries of CIL: CCL, BCCL, ECL.
• Adani’s 1600 MW power plant in Godda will supply electricity to Bangladesh.
• 17 Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPPs) have been identified; 9 approved.
• First UMPP: Tilaiya
• Second UMPP to be set up in Hussainabad, Deoghar

7. Renewable Energy Initiatives

• Jharkhand receives adequate solar radiation (300 days/year with 4–5 hours sunlight).
• Estimated solar power potential: 18,180 MW
• Total renewable potential (including biomass, hydro, waste-to-energy): 18,508 MW

Solar Park Scheme (launched 12 Dec 2014)

• Initial target: 20,000 MW; extended to 40,000 MW in 2017
• By 2021–22, 50 solar parks were proposed.
• Approved Solar Parks in Jharkhand (as of 31 Dec 2021):
  1. Floating Solar Park – 100 MW
  2. Deoghar Solar Park – 20 MW
  3. Palamu Solar Park – 20 MW
  4. Garhwa Solar Park – 20 MW
  5. Simdega Solar Park – 20 MW (★)

8. Transport Infrastructure

Roadways

• Roads improve inter-district, interstate connectivity, enhancing economic growth.
• Road Length in Jharkhand (as of Aug 2022): TypeLength (km)National Highways3,340State Highways1,232Major District Roads4,846Other RCD Roads7,366
• Road Density (2022): 168.70 km/1000 sq. km.
  • Increased from 162.27 in 2021, showing a rise of 6.43 km/1000 sq. km.

Railways

• Ranchi Railway Division established in 2003 for enhanced connectivity and infrastructure.
• Under Swachh Bharat Mission, several stations (e.g., Ranchi, Tatanagar, Hatia, Dhanbad) are being developed as eco-smart stations.
• Oxygen Express trains ran from Tatanagar & Bokaro Steel City during COVID-19.
• Time-tabled parcel trains delivered critical medical and other supplies.
• Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor (EDFC) of 1,856 km is under construction.
  • 196 km of the corridor will pass through Jharkhand. (★)

Labour & Employment in Jharkhand

1. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushal Yojana (DDU-GKY)

• Provides skill training to rural youth to facilitate employment.
• Placement rate in Jharkhand: 45.2% vs National average: 60.9%.

2. PM-SVANidhi Scheme

• Provides micro-credit to street vendors for working capital needs.
• Loan distribution in Jharkhand (35,000 applicants):
  • 51% OBC
  • 29% General
  • 9% Minorities
  • 8% SC
  • 4% ST

3. PM Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP)

• Offers subsidized loans for self-employment to individuals aged 18+ with minimum 8th pass.

4. PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)

• Operated by the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship.
• Provides certified skill training.
• Jharkhand’s share in total certificates issued: 2%.

5. E-SHRAM Portal

• Developed to build a database of unorganized workers including migrant laborers, construction workers, and gig workers.
• Registered workers in Jharkhand: 90 lakh+.

6. Zarurat App

• A job-matching app connecting local employers and service providers (e.g., electricians, plumbers, drivers).

7. Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs)

• Govt. ITIs: 74 total (62 co-ed, 12 women-specific).
• Private ITIs: 256
• PPP-mode ITIs: 6
• CSR-mode ITIs: 4

8. CM Shramik Urban Employment Guarantee Scheme

• Provides 100 days of employment per financial year.

9. Shramik Mitra

• Assists construction workers in accessing government schemes and benefits.

Air Transport Development

• Draft of Jharkhand Civil Aviation Policy under preparation.
• New Airport at Sahibganj under construction.
• CPL (Commercial Pilot License) Training Institute being established at Dumka.
• Flight Operations (till Sept 30, 2022): 33 flights; 15% increase YoY.
• Flight connectivity:
  • Ranchi ↔ Lucknow, Ahmedabad, Pune
  • Deoghar ↔ Kolkata, New Delhi

Workforce Participation Statistics (Age 15–59)

Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)

Year	Total	Male	Female	Urban	Rural
2019–20	59.8%	81.4%	38.9%	65.1%	82.9%
2020–21	47.9%	63.3%	47.0%	50.1%	69.4%

• Major change: Female LFPR rose by 21.7%.

Worker Population Ratio (WPR)

Year	Total	Male	Female	Urban	Rural
2019–20	57.0%	76.4%	38.3%	43.0%	61.2%
2020–21	62.9%	79.0%	46.6%	45.2%	68.0%

Unemployment Rate

Year	Total	Male	Female	Urban	Rural
2019–20	4.6%	6.2%	1.3%	10.2%	3.4%
2020–21	4.8%	3.3%	0.8%	9.8%	2.0%

• Significant drop in rural unemployment.

MGNREGA

• Guarantees 100 days of unskilled rural employment annually.

Education Sector in Jharkhand

1. Literacy Rates

Year	Total	Male	Female
2001	53.6%	67.3%	38.87%
2011	66.41%	76.84%	55.42%
2020–21	73.1%	82.3%	63.8%

• Urban literacy rate (2020–21): 85.4%
• Rural literacy rate (2020–21): 69.9%
• National average: 79.2%

2. Girl Child Education

• 203 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas operating for SC/ST/OBC/minority girls (Classes 6–12).

3. Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS)

• 50 EMRS foundations laid in 2021 (20 in Jharkhand).
• Free education for tribal students from Classes 6–12 including sports and personality development.

4. School Consolidation Policy

• Merging small schools to ensure teacher availability and education quality.
• Resulted in 10% reduction in number of schools (2016–22).

5. Pupil-Teacher Ratio (2021–22)

• Overall: 43.49
• Primary schools: 30.71 (Ideal = 30 as per RTE Act)
• Upper primary schools: 45.88 (Ideal = 35)

Higher & Technical Education

Universities in Jharkhand (Total: 34)

• State Private Universities: 16
• State Public Universities: 12
• National Importance Institutes: 5
• Deemed University: 1
• Open University: 1
• Central University: 1
• 4 new universities added post-2019–20:
  • 1 State University
  • 1 Public University
  • 2 Private Universities

Jharkhand State Open University

• Established under JSOU Act, 2021
• Headquarters: Ranchi; 50 study centers already opened (as of Oct 2022).
• Offers UG/PG/PhD, diploma & certificate programs via distance mode.

New Proposed Private Universities (2022)

1. Babu Dinesh Singh University Bill, 2022
2. Jain University Bill, 2022
3. Sona Devi University Bill, 2022

Scholarships & Empowerment Schemes

Savitribai Phule Kishori Samriddhi Yojana

• Launched: Oct 11, 2022
• Target: Girl empowerment & education support
• Benefits:
  • ₹2,500 for enrollment in Classes 8–9
  • ₹5,000 for Classes 10–12
  • Lump sum benefit for girls aged 18–19

Marang Gomke Jaipal Singh Munda Foreign Scholarship Scheme

• Collaboration with UK Government (FCDO)
• 25 students/year from SC, ST, OBC, minority backgrounds.
• Scholarship covers:
  • 1-year Master’s & 2-year MPhil programs in 31 disciplines (increased from 22).
• Age limit: Max 35 years
• Last year: 7 students awarded, studying at:
  • Loughborough University
  • University of Warwick
  • University of Sussex
  • Various University Colleges in UK

Technical Education

• Polytechnic Institutes: 43
  • 18 private, 17 public, 8 PPP model
• Engineering Colleges: 17 operational

13. Women’s Health Initiatives in Jharkhand

• Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY):
  • Implemented under National Health Mission (NHM).
  • Aims to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality through institutional deliveries.
  • Financial benefits: ₹1,400 for rural and ₹1,000 for urban pregnant women.
  • Highest rate of institutional delivery in Ramgarh (9.24%), followed by Dhanbad (7.56%) and Bokaro (7.11%).
• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK):
  • Offers free medical check-ups, treatment, and transportation from home to hospital.
• Mukhyamantri Janani Swasthya Suraksha Yojana:
  • Encourages institutional delivery and reduces infant and maternal mortality.
  • Provides financial assistance to pregnant women during delivery.
• Mamta Vahan Yojana:
  • A Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme to ensure free transportation of pregnant women to health centres.
• Ayushman Bharat – Mukhyamantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-MMJAY):
  • Launched in 2022, aligned with Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY.
  • Offers paperless and cashless health insurance up to ₹5 lakh.
  • Merged earlier schemes: Mukhyamantri Swasthya Bima and Gambhir Bimari Upcar Yojana.

14. Drinking Water and Sanitation

• NFHS-5 (2019–20) Data:
  • 86.6% of population have access to improved drinking water (Urban: 94.6%, Rural: 84.1%).
  • 56.7% have access to improved sanitation (Urban: 75.99%, Rural: 50.8%).
• Jal Jeevan Mission:
  • Launched on 15 August 2019 with the goal of FHTC (Functional Household Tap Connection) for all rural households by 2024.
  • Daily target: 55 litres per person per day.
  • As of Dec 2022:
    • Ramgarh: 55.3% households covered.
    • Simdega: 40.39%, Bokaro: 35.81%.
• Urban Drinking Water Project (2022):
  • Plan worth ₹2,300 crore for 18 Urban Local Bodies.
  • Funded by World Bank, ADB, and AMRUT Mission.
  • Operated by Jharkhand Urban Development Company.
  • ₹1,800 crore project proposed for 15 other urban areas.

15. Women, Child Development & Social Security

Improvement in Child Mortality (NFHS-5):

• Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR): Reduced from 33 (2015-16) to 28.2 (2019-21).
• Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): From 43.8 to 37.9.
• U5 Mortality Rate: From 54.3 to 45.4.

Key Women & Child Development Schemes:

• Women Helpline Number:
  • 24×7 support for victims of violence.
  • Provides legal, police, ambulance, and hospital support.
• Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao:
  • Implemented in 12 districts to improve sex ratio and girl child education.
  • 2401 ‘Guddi-Gudda’ boards installed at panchayat buildings to monitor sex ratio.
• One-Stop Centres (OSC):
  • Provide police, legal, medical, counselling, and temporary shelter services.
  • Operational in all 24 districts.

Child Welfare Schemes

• State Nutrition Mission:
  • Tackles malnutrition and coordinates efforts across departments.
• SAAMAR Campaign (March 2021):
  • Full form: Strategic Action for Alleviation of Malnutrition and Anaemia Reduction.
  • Focus on children (0–9 yrs), adolescent girls, pregnant/lactating women.
  • Uses mobile app for surveys to detect malnutrition/anemia.
  • Initial districts: West Singhbhum, Chatra, Simdega, Sahebganj.
• Juvenile Justice Fund:
  • As per Juvenile Justice Act, 2017, used for welfare and rehabilitation of juveniles.

Women Welfare Schemes

• Mukhyamantri Kanyadan Yojana:
  • Financial aid of ₹30,000 to girls from families earning below ₹72,000 annually for marriage.
  • Incentive for dowry-free marriages.
  • In FY 2021–22, 10,000 girls benefited; Ranchi led with over 1,000 beneficiaries.
• Social Evils Eradication Scheme:
  • Targets eradication of witch-hunting, dowry, and other practices.
  • Awareness drives, community marriage programs, and financial incentives for dowry-free weddings.
  • Even provides support for community cremation.
• Tejaswini Project (World Bank assisted):
  • Empowers girls and women (14–24 years) with education and skills for employment.
  • Implemented in 17 districts; Dumka and Deoghar on pilot basis.
  • Only project of its kind in India.

Other Important Initiatives:

• Operation Halfway Homes:
  • Mental health rehabilitation project in Ranchi, Jamshedpur, Dhanbad.
  • Focuses on treatment and reintegration of mentally ill individuals.
• Supplementary Nutrition Programme:
  • Targets pregnant women, lactating mothers, and children (7 months–6 years).
  • Operated via Anganwadi centres for 300 days/year.
  • Funding shared 50:50 between Centre and State.
• Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY):
  • 65.3% of women (15–49) and 56.8% pregnant women in Jharkhand are anaemic (NFHS-5).
  • Provides ₹5,000 in 3 installments to pregnant and lactating mothers (for first child).
• Swadhar Greh Yojana:
  • Shelter and rehabilitation for distressed women.
  • Operational in 5 districts: Ramgarh, Giridih, Hazaribagh, Deoghar, Sahebganj.
  • Run through NGOs.
• Ujjwala Yojana:
  • Started in May 2016.
  • Aims to provide clean LPG cooking fuel to women to protect family health.
  • 60:40 cost-sharing between Centre and State from FY 2016–17.
• Mahila Shakti Kendra:
  • Aims at rural women’s empowerment through participation of students, NCC cadets, and women.
  • Implemented in all 24 districts.
  • Sub-scheme of PM Women Empowerment Mission

POSHAN Pakhwada Performance (Nutrition Fortnight)

• Jharkhand ranked 7th in India during the 4th POSHAN Pakhwada (2022).
• Improved from 8th position in 2021 and 12th in 2020.
• Activities conducted during 2022 Pakhwada were 11% higher than previous year.
• 19 districts performed above national average, and 5 districts were at par.

Tribal Welfare & Marginalized Communities

Demographic Composition

• Over 50% of Jharkhand’s population belongs to SC, ST, and Minority communities.
• As per Census 2011:
  • ST: 26.2%
  • SC: 12.1%
  • Minorities: 19.1%
• Jharkhand ranks 12th in India in terms of tribal population.
• 8.3% of India’s total tribal population lives in Jharkhand.
• Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs or PVTGs) account for ~3% of total tribal population.
• Four major tribal groups: Santhal (34%), Oraon (19.86%), Munda (14.22%), Ho (10.74%).

Newly Added Tribal Groups (ST List, Amendment Act, 2022)

• Groups added: Deshwari, Ganjhu, Daulatbandi, Patbandi, Raut, Majhia, Khairi, Tamaria, Puran.
• Bhogta community removed from SC list.

Highest & Lowest Tribal Population Districts

• Highest ST %: Khunti (73.26%), Simdega (70.78%)
• Lowest ST %: Koderma (0.96%), Chatra (4.37%)
• Highest SC %: Palamu (27.65%)
• Lowest SC %: Pakur (3.16%)

Tribal Literacy & Sex Ratio

• Tribal literacy rate: 57.1%
  • Oraon tribe highest: 67%
• Male ST literacy: 68.2%
• Female ST literacy: 58.1%
• Overall ST sex ratio: 1003
  • Ho tribe highest: 1021
• Child sex ratio among STs: 976
  • Baiga tribe highest: 1104

Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs or PVTGs)

• 8 identified PVTGs:
  • Mal Pahariya (46%), Sauria Pahariya (16%)
  • Korwa (12%), Parahiya (9%), Asur (8%)
  • Birhor (4%), Sabar (3%), Birjia (2%)
• Geographical concentration:
  • Mal & Sauria Pahariya: Sahibganj, Pakur, Godda
  • Korwa & Parahiya: Garhwa, Palamu, Latehar
  • Asur: Gumla, Hazaribagh, Ramgarh
  • Birjia: Gumla, Latehar
  • Sabar: East Singhbhum

Scheduled Areas & Blocks

• 15 out of 24 districts are classified as Scheduled Areas.
• Includes tribal-majority blocks in Ranchi, Khunti, Gumla, Simdega, West Singhbhum, Saraikela-Kharsawan, etc.

Criteria for Tribal Development Areas

Classification	Criteria
TSP Area	>50,000 population & >50% ST
Additional TSP	<50,000 population & >50% ST
MADA	>10,000 population & >50% ST
Mini-MADA	>5,000 population & >50% ST

• All included under Integrated Tribal Development Projects (ITDPs).

Empowerment of Gram Sabha in Scheduled Areas

• Gram Sabha leaders (Manjhi, Munda, Pahan, etc.) authorized to spend up to ₹25 lakh.
• Used for building tribal cultural centers (e.g., Manki-Munda Bhavan, Dhumkuria Bhavan).

Education for STs, SCs & Backward Classes

• Key Scholarship Programs:
  • Pre-Matric & Post-Matric Scholarships
  • Top Class Scholarship
  • Marang Gomke Jaipal Singh Munda Overseas Scholarship
  • Professional/Technical Course Scholarships
  • Fellowship schemes
• Bicycle Distribution Scheme: ₹3,500 to ST/SC/BC students to attend school.

Health for Marginalized Groups

• ₹10,000 medical aid (₹3,000 via District Welfare Officer, ₹10,000 via DC in severe cases).
• Pahariya Health Sub-centers: 18 centers in Santhal Pargana (Pakur, Sahibganj, Dumka, Godda).
• Kalyan Hospitals:
  • 16 hospitals with 50-bed facilities
  • Free care for tribal and poor patients
  • Operated via various NGOs

List of Kalyan Hospitals

District	Location	NGO
Ranchi	Jonha, Tigra	Rinchi Trust, TRY
Jamtara	Nala	SANMAT
Dumka	Kathikund	SANMAT
Gumla	Nagpheni	Dynamic Tarang
West Singhbhum	Lododih	Deepak Foundation
Saraikela	Kupai	Deepak Foundation
Sahibganj	Pathna	Citizen Foundation
Pakur	Littipara	Rinchi Trust
East Singhbhum	Banmakri	Vikas Bharti
Simdega	Bano	ICERT
Latehar	Mananchotag	ICERT

Genetic Disorder Research in Tribes

• ₹61 crore sanctioned for hematological disease research (e.g., sickle cell anemia).
• Conducted by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
• Sickle Cell Prevalence:
  • Gumla (11%), Khunti (5%), Saraikela (5%)
  • Jamtara (5%), Latehar (3%)

Housing for PVTGs

• Birsa Housing Scheme:
  • Started post-state formation
  • Provides ₹1,31,500 per family as 100% subsidy for PVTG housing.

Tribal Village Development

• Shaheed Gram Vikas Yojana (2017–18):
  • Honors freedom fighters by developing their villages as model villages.
  • Includes infrastructure for housing, water, solar power, etc.

Villages under Shaheed Gram Vikas Yojana

Freedom Fighter	Village	District
Birsa Munda	Ulihatu	Khunti
Sidho-Kanhu	Bhognadih	Sahibganj
Nilamber-Pitamber	Mehgari	Garhwa
Veer Budhu Bhagat	Silgadi	Ranchi
Tana Bhagat	Nawatoli	Gumla
Telanga Kharia	Murgu	Gumla
Diwa Soren	Dibdih	Saraikela
Kishun Murmu	Gumidpur	West Singhbhum
Photu Ho	Rajabasa	West Singhbhum
Bhagirath Manjhi	Tarhita	Godda

Tribal Welfare, Skill Development, and Natural Resources in Jharkhand: Key Initiatives and Indicators

Skill Development Programs

• Welfare Gurukuls:
  Operated by Pravha Foundation, 22 Welfare Gurukuls are functional in the state to develop skills among women and youth from SC/ST and minority communities.
• Skill Colleges:
  9 Skill Colleges have been established across 7 districts to empower tribal and minority girls.
• Tata Electronics Employment Initiative:
  • Tata Electronics Pvt. Ltd. employed 1984 girls from Jharkhand in its Hosur (Tamil Nadu) plant.
  • Majority of beneficiaries are from Simdega (891), Khunti, West Singhbhum, and Seraikela-Kharsawan.
  • The initiative included skill development with yoga and spoken English training.
  • After one year of service, girls are eligible for a Bachelor of Science degree.

Pearl Farming (Van Dhan Yojana)

• Adki Block of Khunti has become the first block in India to implement pearl farming under Van Dhan Yojana.
• Project is run by TRIFED.
• Total cost of the project: ₹15 lakh.
• Plan includes establishing 25 Van Dhan centers for capacity building and market linkage.

Forest & Natural Resources

Forest Cover (as per India State of Forest Report – 2021):

• Total forest cover: 29.76% of state’s area.
  • Very dense forest: 3.26% (2601 sq. km)
  • Moderately dense forest: 12.15% (9689 sq. km)
  • Open forest: 14.34% (11,431 sq. km)
• Forest cover increase (2019–2021): +109.79 sq. km
  • Highest increase in Garhwa (+40.13), Palamu (+14.95), Hazaribagh (+10.42).
• Highest forest percentage districts:
  Latehar (56%), Chatra (47.93%)
  Lowest: Jamtara (5.85%), Deoghar (8.31%)

Forest in Tribal Areas:

• 17 tribal districts → Total area: 58,677 sq. km
• Total forest cover in tribal districts: 17,521 sq. km
• Highest forest districts: Latehar (56%), West Singhbhum (46.6%), Khunti (36%)
• Forest decrease in: Latehar (-3.2 sq. km), Lohardaga, Pakur

Plantation and Conservation Initiatives

• Mukhyamantri Jan Van Yojana:
  • Focus: Increase tree cover on private land.
  • 75% subsidy for plantation costs.
  • Over 31.1 lakh saplings planted during 2020–2023.
  • Dumka district saw maximum plantations (21.5 lakh).
• River Festival & Mega Plantation Drive:
  • Aimed at protecting riverbanks and promoting climate awareness.
  • 1.2 crore saplings planted (2022).
  • Top performing divisions: Dumka (11%), Ranchi, Jamshedpur.
• 73rd Van Mahotsav (2022):
  • Held in Pundag on 22 July 2022.
  • Incentive announced: 5 free electricity units per planted tree in residential/commercial premises.
• Biodiversity Parks:
  Set up in Chakulia, Giridih, Sahebganj, and Dumka.
  Jharkhand’s only fossil park opened to the public in Sahebganj.

Water Resources

• Average rainfall (2022): 1222.7 mm (↑ by 84.9 mm from 2020).
• Annual replenishable groundwater: 6.20 BCM
  Net available: 5.69 BCM
• Over-exploited blocks: 5
  Semi-critical/critical: 17 blocks

Energy Resources

• Coal Reserves:
  ~33 billion tons, of which 20 billion tons are extractable.
• Uranium:
  • Jaduguda mine is one of the oldest and largest uranium mines in the world.
  • Operated by Uranium Corporation of India Ltd (UCIL).
  • Reserve: ~45,000 tons of uranium.
• Solar Energy:
  • Target: 1000 MW by 2022.
  • Major project: 50 MW Solar Plant in Godda.
• Hydropower Plants:
  Include Tilaiya Dam and Konar Dam.
• Wind Energy:
  A 100 MW Windmill Plant established at Dhalbhumgarh.
• Renewable Energy Target (2022): 2000 MW

Tourism, Art & Sports

Tourist Footfall

• Domestic tourists:
  • 2013: 32.5 lakh → 2019: 35.5 lakh
  • CAGR: 1.53% (2013–19)
• Foreign tourists:
  • 2013: 1.3 lakh → 2019: 1.8 lakh
  • CAGR: 4.7%
• Covid Impact (2019–21): Decline in both categories.
• Peak Season: July–August (Shravan month pilgrimage in Deoghar).
• National Rank (2020):
  • 19th in domestic arrivals
  • 23rd in international

Jharkhand Tourism Policy – 2021

• Goal: Make Jharkhand a top tourist destination by 2025.
• Focus:
  • Promote ecotourism, heritage tourism, rural tourism, and mining tourism.
  • Enhance public-private partnerships (PPPs).
  • Ensure safe, sustainable, and inclusive tourism.
  • Encourage participation of NGOs, youth, locals.
  • Offer quality infrastructure, simplified regulations, and grievance redress mechanisms.

Art & Culture

• Chhau Dance Training Centers:
  • Seraikela: Rajkiya Chhau Nritya Kendra
  • Silli: Rajkiya Manbhum Chhau Nritya Kendra
  • Ranchi: Jharkhand Kala Mandir (local dance training)

Sports and Youth Affairs

Key Programs:

• Khiladi Kalyan Kosh:
  • Financial, equipment, and medical aid for poor players.
• Pay & Play Scheme:
  • Run by Jharkhand Sports Authority
  • Objective: Identify and groom sports talent with private partnerships.
• Tata Initiatives:
  • Plan to establish Hockey Academy in Ranchi
  • Support from Tata Athletics Academy & JAA.
• Panchayat Yuva Khel Abhiyan:
  A mass sports movement for youth.
• Cricket Academy:
  • Govt allocated 5 acres to MS Dhoni for establishing a cricket academy.
• Yuvotsav:
  Annual celebration on National Youth Day.

Jharkhand Sports Policy – 2022

• Launched: 13 Sept 2022 by CM Hemant Soren
• Duration: 5 years
• Objective:
  • Talent identification and grooming
  • Provide infrastructure, training, incentives
  • Promote participation in national and international events

Read more about :- Jharkhand’s Economy and Infrastructure (2025)