Budhu Bhagat – The Tribal Hero of Jharkhand’s Freedom Struggle

Birth and Background

• Born on 17 February 1792 in Silagai village, located in Chanho block of Ranchi district, on the banks of the Koel River.
• Belonged to the Uraon tribal community.

Early Life and Abilities

• Had a passion for archery from childhood.
• Villagers believed that Budhu Bhagat possessed divine powers.
• Recognized as a people’s leader against British rule.
• Excelled not only in archery but was also skilled in sword fighting.

Leadership and Rebellion

• Led a movement against the British regime and their local supporters, the zamindars (landlords).
• This rebellion became known as the ‘Kol Rebellion’.
• Under his leadership, rebels would hide in forests and rain arrows on British soldiers.

Conflict and Martyrdom

• In 1832, Budhu Bhagat’s forces suffered heavy losses due to the British use of guns and explosives.
• Fierce battles took place between the British and rebels at Pithoria, Bundu, and Tamar.
• Despite their efforts, the British were initially unsuccessful in capturing Budhu Bhagat.

Final Battle and Death

• On 13 February 1832, a British military contingent led by Captain Impey was dispatched toward Silagai, where Budhu Bhagat and his companions were hiding.
• Against British gunpowder and firearms, Bhagat’s archery tactics failed.
• On 14 February 1832, Budhu Bhagat was martyred in battle.

Aftermath and Legacy

• It is believed that the severed heads of Budhu Bhagat, his younger brother, and nephews were sent to the British camp in Pithoria to spread fear among the local population.
• Budhu Bhagat is remembered as a pioneer of the tribal freedom struggle.
• Even British officials admitted that Budhu Bhagat’s movement aimed to overthrow British rule and establish self-governance.